This paradigm implements logical rules to derive conclusions. But this paradigm can also be adopted by languages like Python and JavaScript. Common examples of functional languages include Haskell, Lisp, and F#. This paradigm uses pure functions to build a program, meaning that functions can be passed as arguments, returned as results, or assigned to variables. Languages that support the procedural approach include C, Pascal, and FORTRAN. Code is often divided into blocks called procedures or subroutines, which are made up of smaller, well-defined tasks. This approach breaks problems into smaller, more manageable parts that can be easily understood and modified. Common examples of languages that support OOP are Java, C++, and Python. OOP is ideal for modeling real-world objects and concepts. ![]() As a result, objects are instances of classes. Classes provide a blueprint to capture the data and behavior of an object. OOP uses classes and objects to solve problems. Overall, this is the most common programming paradigm and is used by languages like C, Java, and Python. This paradigm involves defining a sequence of instructions that your machine will follow to solve a problem. ![]() Let’s look at five common programming paradigms. They provide problem-solving guidelines and influence how a programmer thinks about software development. Programming paradigms are different ways of writing and organizing code. Common examples of high-level languages include Python, JavaScript, Java, and Ruby. High-level programming languages can be used to develop various application types, like web apps, mobile apps, artificial intelligence, desktop applications, and more. ![]() One upside, however, is that these often include features like automatic memory management, dynamic typing, and type-checking. These provide a high level of abstraction and tend to offer less direct hardware control. These languages tend to have human-friendly syntax, making them easier to read, write, and maintain than low-level languages. When you hear programmers talk about programming languages, this is mostly what they’re referring to. In general, low-level languages tend to be assembly languages or machine code (binary sequences of 0s and 1s), although it’s not uncommon to see languages like C or C++ referred to as lower-level or mid-level due to their ability to interact with hardware. One trade-off with this type of language is that they tend to offer less abstraction, meaning they can be more challenging. This makes them better suited to creating systems-level programs, like operating systems and device drivers.
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